Seismic interferometry experiment in a shallow cased borehole using a seismic vibrator source‡     

Flavio Poletto  Lorenzo Petronio  Biancamaria Farina  Andrea Schleifer 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(3):464-476

We present the results of a seismic interferometry experiment in a shallow cased borehole. The experiment is an initial study for subsequent borehole seismic surveys in an instrumented well site, where we plan to test other surface/borehole seismic techniques. The purpose of this application is to improve the knowledge of the reflectivity sequence and to verify the potential of the seismic interferometry approach to retrieve high‐frequency signals in the single well geometry, overcoming the loss and attenuation effects introduced by the overburden. We used a walkaway vertical seismic profile (VSP) geometry with a seismic vibrator to generate polarized vertical and horizontal components along a surface seismic line and an array of 3C geophones cemented outside the casing. The recorded traces are processed to obtain virtual sources in the borehole and to simulate single‐well gathers with a variable source‐receiver offset in the vertical array. We compare the results obtained by processing the field data with synthetic signals calculated by numerical simulation and analyse the signal bandwidth and amplitude versus offset to evaluate near‐field effects in the virtual signals. The application provides direct and reflected signals with improved bandwidth after vibrator signal deconvolution. Clear reflections are detected in the virtual seismic sections in agreement with the geology and other surface and borehole seismic data recorded with conventional seismic exploration techniques.  相似文献   

Repeatability analysis of land time‐lapse seismic data: CO2CRC Otway pilot project case study     

Roman Pevzner  Valeriya Shulakova  Anton Kepic  Milovan Urosevic 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(1):66-77

Time‐lapse seismics is the methodology of choice for remotely monitoring changes in oil/gas reservoir depletion, reservoir stimulation or CO₂ sequestration, due to good sensitivity and resolving power at depths up to several kilometres. This method is now routinely applied offshore, however, the use of time‐lapse methodology onshore is relatively rare. The main reason for this is the relatively high cost of commercial seismic acquisition on land. A widespread belief of a relatively poor repeatability of land seismic data prevents rapid growth in the number of land time‐lapse surveys. Considering that CO₂ sequestration on land is becoming a necessity, there is a great need to evaluate the feasibility of time‐lapse seismics for monitoring. Therefore, an understanding of the factors influencing repeatability of land seismics and evaluating limitations of the method is crucially important for its application in many CO₂ sequestration projects. We analyse several repeated 2D and 3D surveys acquired within the Otway CO₂ sequestration pilot project (operated by the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Technologies, CO2CRC) in Australia, in order to determine the principal limitations of land time‐lapse seismic repeatability and investigate the influence of the main factors affecting it. Our findings are that the intrinsic signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N, signal to coherent and background noise levels) and the normalized‐root‐mean‐square (NRMS) difference are controlled by the source strength and source type. However, the post‐stack S/N ratio and corresponding NRMS residuals are controlled mainly by the data fold. For very high‐fold data, the source strength and source type are less critical.  相似文献   

Spatial sensitivity of seismic hazard results to different background seismic activity and temporal earthquake occurrence models     

Nazan Yilmaz  M. Semih Yucemen 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011

Spatial sensitivity of seismic hazard results to different models with respect to background seismic activity and earthquake occurrence in time is investigated. For the contribution of background seismic activity to seismic hazard, background area source with uniform seismicity and spatially smoothed seismicity models are taken into consideration. For the contribution of faults, through characteristic earthquakes, both the memoryless Poisson and the time dependent renewal models are utilized. A case study, involving the assessment of seismic hazard for the Bursa province in Turkey, is conducted in order to examine quantitatively the influence of these models on seismic hazard results. The spatial variation of the difference in Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values obtained from these different models is presented in the form of difference maps for return periods of 475 and 2475 years. Best estimate seismic hazard maps for PGA and Spectral Accelerations (SA) at 0.2 and 1.0 s are obtained by using the logic tree method.  相似文献   

Discovery of the Natural Deformation Vestige of Gaixia Remains,Guzhen County,Anhui Province,China and Its Implications     

Yao Daquan  Shuo Zhi  Tang Jieping  Wang Zhi  Shen Xiaoqi  Chen Anguo  Li Linli 《中国地震研究》2011,25(1):92-100

Recognition of natural deformation during the excavation of ancient remains and tombs is important for tracing or enriching historic and prehistoric deformation records. Recently, the earthquake agencies,in cooperation with the cultural relics and archaeological institutions, conducted a special excavation investigation to the Gaixia remains archaeological scene in Guzhen,Anhui Province. Faults and fissures were discovered there, which,as demonstrated by the preliminary study,are the traces of two stratum d...  相似文献   

The Influence of Surface Building''s Relative Position on the Seismic Response of Subway Structures     

Li Fangjie  Zhao Fengxin  Zhang Yushan  You Hongbing 《中国地震研究》2011,25(2):250-259

By using the finite element method and viscoelastic artificial boundary,a soil-structure interaction system is established to simulate the influence of surface buildings on the seismic response of subway structures.The conditions of different relative positions between ground building and subway structure are analyzed.The results indicate that when considering the existence of surface buildings,the relative story displacements and internal forces of subway structures are changed greatly.Further the influence of surface buildings on subway structure changes as the distance increases.  相似文献   

Classification of near-surface anomalies in the seismic refraction method according to the shape of the time–distance graph: A theoretical approach     

Tihomir Engelsfeld  Franjo &#x;umanovac  Vladimir Krsti&#x; 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,74(1):59-64

Results obtained by SASW and PS-logging (in-hole) seismic techniques are compared with the relatively new ReMi (Refraction microtremor) method at a common site with a well-known soil profile: a recently constructed high-speed railway embankment. PS-logging is the most accurate technique in identifying the soil profile of the embankment followed by Re-Mi and SASW. Mean shear wave velocity estimations are also higher for PS-logging, followed by SASW and ReMi, while mean deviation is similar in each technique. The ReMi technique has provided very accurate results in the study of the embankment profile, which in addition to its high operability and its fast data processing, makes it a very convenient technique for extensive geotechnical surveys.  相似文献   

高烈度地震区岩土体边坡崩塌动力学特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨庆华  姚令侃  邱燕玲  刘兆生 《地震工程学报》2011,33(1):33-39,61

"5·12"汶川特大地震引发的次生山地灾害中以山体崩塌数量最多.本文在对国道213线都江堰至映秀段以及水磨支线公路边坡地震崩塌调查研究的基础上,分析总结了岩土体边坡的崩塌成灾模式、崩塌作用机理以及崩塌自组织临界(SOC)动力学特性.调查范围包括Ⅸ～Ⅺ度地震区,工点105个.对崩塌体方量、崩塌深度进行统计分析后发现,在Ⅸ度区崩塌体方量和崩塌深度都符合负幂律分布,呈现出明显的自组织临界动力学特性;而Ⅹ、Ⅺ度地震区不呈现该崩塌特性,其崩塌动力学性质受地震的强扰作用控制.  相似文献   

甘肃古浪长岭山北麓断裂新活动特征与地震危险性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘强  王爱国  邵延秀  赵泽贤 《地震工程学报》2011,33(2):123-129

通过野外调查和探槽开挖,并结合b值计算结果,对位于甘肃省中部古浪县的长岭山北麓断层的几何学、运动学特征、活动性分段及地震危险性进行了研究.研究认为长岭山北麓断裂主要由四条断层组成,总体呈反“S”形展布;断层最新活动在西段f1表现为倾向南的左旋正断性质,在西段f2和中段f3表现为向北倾的左旋正断性质,东段f4又转变为倾向南的左旋正断活动性质,断裂西端以秦家大山南北向隆起及第三系褶皱与古浪断裂隔断,东端以白墩子左旋拉张盆地与罐罐岭断裂左阶排列,阶距3.5 km;断裂带全新世早中期以来有过地震活动,最后一次活动离逝时间较长,现代应力积累较快,为未来地震危险区.  相似文献   

Study on the S-wave Splitting Characteristics in the Longtan Reservoir Area,Guangxi,China     

Shi Haixi  Zhao Cuiping 《中国地震研究》2011,25(2):213-226

In this paper,the shear wave splitting features of the Longtan reservoir area are studied by adopting the traditional cross-correlation coefficient method and polarization analysis,using the data recorded by the seismic network founded by a project under the National Science and Technology Pillar Program from April 2009 to April 2010.We found that most of polarization directions at seismic stations are consistent with the direction of the overall regional stress field,but local structures and faults may con...  相似文献   

中外烈度表“人的感觉”和“器物的反应”对比研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

夏坤  张令心  刘洁平 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(5):21-29

随着震害经验的积累以及人们对地震认识的深化,不断修改烈度标准,使烈度评定更加客观与科学是地震工程界一直所追求的.人的感觉和器物的反应都是评定一次地震时相应烈度的宏观标志,是烈度表的重要组成部分.鉴于此,本文简要介绍了中国历代地震烈度表(《新的中国地震烈度表》、《中国地震烈度表(1980)》、《中国地震烈度表( 1999...  相似文献